Paratuberculosis caused byMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) is a progressive, chronic and noncurable granulomatous enteritis. Paratuberculosis affects ruminants worldwide. The earliest reports on paratuberculosis in Iran date back to 1960’s when the disease was diagnosed in imported animals of the Abadan Oil Company’s farm. In the work presented here 13 field MAP isolates including 4 ovine and 3 caprine isolates from Isfahan, 6 bovine isolates from Zanjan and Alborz provinces plus 2 vaccinal strains of 316F and III & V were subjected to PCR-IS900, PCR-F57 for identification and also PCR-Collins for typing. In consequence, while an identical PCR protocol was successfully developed to simultaneously perform all the three experiments, the 15 tested bacteria were all shown to be MAP TYPE II (cattle TYPE). In epidemiological sense, when the size of national goat, sheep and cattle herds of Iran is taken into account, circulation of MAP TYPE II is intriguing.

Background and Aim: Diametral tensile strength is a property of brittle restorative materials and cements like glass ionomers. Being an adequate and standard amount of this characteristic is necessary for obtaining clinically acceptable results in their use . According to the lack of reports about S.D.S glass ionomer cement that recently has been introduced to Iranian market, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing of the diametral tensile strength (D.T.S) of Fuji TYPE II and restorative S.D.S glass ionomer cements in different periods of time. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on 20 disk shaped specimens of each cement; they were prepared according to ANSI / ADA 66 specification (9 mm diameter and 4/5 mm length).The ratios of powder to liquid meticulously followed manufacturers recommendations for use. All specimens were holded in an incubator at 37±1oc and 95±5% relative humidity prior to testing . each group of cements were tested in two periods of time after the beginning of mixing (15minute and 24hours) in a universal testing machine (Zwick Roell- Germany Z020) at a crosshead speed of 0/5 mm/min. The test results were analyzed by One-Sample Kolmogorov- Smirnov Test and T-Test. Results: Mean values of diametral tensile strength of FT II in 15minute and 24hours, were 5/67 MPa and 6/98 MPa and for restorative S.D.S cement were 4/54 MPa and 6/61 MPa respectively. Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between diametral tensile strength of these two cements at 15 minute and 24 hours, but D.T.S had an increase during time which was statistically significant in both cements.

Pena-Shokeir syndrome TYPE II is a kind of congenital arthrogryposis, which is accompanied by microcephaly, ocular defect, and variety of cranio-facial abnormality. It is known as Cerebro-Oculo-Fascio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome. It is presented with reduced white matter, optic tract hypoplasia, and brain calcification. Patients are presenting with microcephaly, bimalformed ears, and other craniofacial abnormalities. In this article we present two Pena-Shokeir syndrome TYPE II patients manifested by all craniofacial features of the disease as well as their neuroimaging findings.

Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease whose prevalence is increasing globally. This study aimed to investigate laboratory diagnostic markers in TYPE I, TYPE II, and gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, and the necessary data were collected by referring to the medical records department of the educational hospitals of Abadan University of Medical Sciences. Accordingly, the demographic and laboratory information of patients with TYPE I, TYPE II, and gestational diabetes admitted from March 21, 2019, to March 19, 2020, that was available in the hospital information system, was gathered. The samples were selected randomly and by considering their diagnosis. Data analysis was performed in SPSS16 software, and P < 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the current study, the mean values of hematocrit in TYPE I, TYPE II, and gestational diabetes were lower than normal. The mean scores of hemoglobin in TYPE II diabetes and gestational diabetes were lower than normal. The mean blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, international normalized ratio, and prothrombin time in TYPE 2 diabetes were higher than the normal range. In addition, the amount of BUN and creatinine in men was higher than normal and in women. In TYPE I diabetes, the mean creatinine and BUN were higher than normal in the age group above 60. The mean laboratory factors studied in gestational diabetes showed a significant difference compared to TYPE I diabetes and TYPE II diabetes. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that TYPE 1 and TYPE 2 diabetes were more common in women than in men. It was also found that diabetes was associated with numerous complications and risks for sufferers, including anemia, kidney complications, and coagulation problems that resulted from increased blood sugar in these people, and these complications were more severe in old age. Screening, investigation, and timely diagnosis can help reduce and treat these complications in people with diabetes.

In this article, we use a measure of expected true evidence for determine the required sample size in TYPE-II censored experiments for obtaining statistical evidence in favor of one hypothesis about the exponential mean against another.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease inducing short-term and long-term complications including sexual dysfunction (SD) which can consequently reduce patients’ quality of life. Given the limited literature on frequency of SD in men experiencing diabetes in northern Iran, the present study was conducted in the city of Sari in Mazandaran Province, with the aim of investigating SD in men with TYPE II diabetes. Methods: Using a descriptive cross-sectional research design, a total number of 350 male patients suffering from TYPE II diabetes referring to endocrinology clinics in the city of Sari in. The patients were requested to fill out the demographic questionnaire, depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 items (DASS-21) and the 15-question International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics software Results: The average period of time in which the patients were facing diabetes was 3. 65± 5. 75 years. The IIEF mean score was equal to 16. 98± 43. 79. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was also evident in 152 patients (62. 2%). Moreover, increase in age had significantly decreased the IIEF scores (p<0. 001). The chance of being affected with ED among diabetic patients above 50 was 11. 21 times as much as those below 50 years of age (odds ratio (OR): 11. 21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6. 40-19. 62). Conclusion: Concerning the high prevalence rate of ED in men suffering from TYPE II diabetes, doctors are required to directly ask them about sexual disorders in follow-up visits. Furthermore, using screening questionnaires can be helpful in identifying this problem.